Isu Perkataan ALLAH Boleh Digunakan Oleh Orang Bukan Islam (part 2)

2. PUNCA ISU INI TIMBUL

Isu ini bermula pada 31 Disember 2007 apabila editor akhbar The Herald Tribune Paderi Lawrence Andrew menyatakan yang mereka diberikan kebenaran untuk menggunakan kalimah Allah dalam cetakan akhbar mereka dalam Bahasa Malaysia dan kemudiannya dibantah oleh Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri, Datuk Abdullah Mohd Zain
Tujuan penerbitan akhbar The Herald dalam Bahasa Melayu ialah untuk suku kaum yang tinggal di timur Sabah dan Sarawak.

2.1 FOKUS PUNCA ISU INI TIMBUL

Isu ini timbul apabila akhabar The Herald Tribune ingin menterjemahkan god seperti yang tercatat dalam Bible sebagai Allah dalam Bahasa Melayu.

Selain itu, antara punca yang menyebabkan keputusan seperti ini dibuat ialah kerana pihak menteri gagal dalam mengemukakan bukti bahawa penggunaan perkataan itu akan mengancam keselamatan negara dan mewujudkan salah faham serta kekeliruan dalam kalangan umat Islam.

3. DARI SUDUT BAHASA

3.1 ALLAH DAN GOD

3.1.1 ALLAH

Allah sebagaimana yang tercatat dalam kamus dalam talian (online) Oxford adalah berasal dari Bahasa Arab. . Dari itu, apabila kita ingin melihat maksud asal sesuatu bahasa hendaklah kita kembali kepada tatabahasa dan maksud asal bahasa tersebut. Rujukan asas dan paling utama Bahasa Arab ialah kitab Lisan al-Arab yang ditulis oleh Jamaluddin Abu al-Fadhl Muhammad bin Mukarram bin Ali bin Ahmad bin Abil Qasim bin Huqbah bin Ibn Manzur (yang lebih dikenali sebagai Ibn Manzur) bukan merujuk kepada Wikipedia sebagaimana yang dilakukan oleh sesetengah orang.

Dalam bahasa arab, perkataan asal bagi Allah ialah أله: الإلَهُ: yang bermaksud Allah ‘azza wa jalla dan juga apa-apa yang diambil selain Allah oleh penyembahnya sebagai sembahan.]

Kata majmu’ bagi Aliha ialah آلِهَةٌ yang bermaksud berhala. Mereka menamakan sedemikian kerana menurut sangkaan mereka itulah yang patut disembah. Nama itu adalah menuruti sembahan mereka, bukan sebagaimana yang sepatutnya.
Allah bukanlah satu nama yang boleh kita sambungkan atau kaitkan dengan perbuatan tetapi harus untuk kita kaitkan nama Allah dengan nama-namaNya yang mulia seperti الرحمن والرحيم.

Tidak layak untuk dipanggil ilaah sehinggalah Dia disembah. Dia menciptakan hamba-hamba-Nya, memberikan rezeki dan mentadbir (alam ini). Pada-Nyalah segala kemampuan. Sekiranya tidak seperti di atas, maka bukanlah dia ilaah. Sekiranya dia masih disembah, ia adalah sesuatu yang salah.

Orang arab jahiliah menyeru sembahan mereka yang terdiri daripada berhala sebagai aalihah (آلهةً) iaitu kata majmu’ bagi ilaahah (إلاهة). Allah berfirman وآلِهَتَك ويَذَرَك iaitu berhala yang disembah oleh kaum firaun. Adapun bagi nama Allah kata asalnya ialah Ilaah (إلاهٌ) atas timbangan (wazan) fi’aal yang membawa maksud maf’uul (مفعول) kerana Allah ialah yang disembah.

Manakala Allah dalam kamus Cambridge Dictionary ialah satu kata nama (noun) bermaksud the name of God for Muslims

Manakala dalam kamus Oxford Dictionary Allah ialah the name of God among Muslims (and Arab Christians).

Jadi, jelas di sini bahawasanya Allah di sisi Arab Jahiliah dahulu merujuk kepada tuhan mereka yang terdiri daripada berhala.

3.1.2 GOD

Manakala God (dengan ‘G’ berhuruf besar) bermaksud:
Kata nama bermaksud : (in especially Christian, Jewish and Muslim belief) the being which made the universe, the Earth and its people and is believed to have an effect on all things.
: (in Christianity and other monotheistic religions) the creator and supreme ruler of the universe.

Manakala god (dengan ‘g’ berhuruf kecil) pula bermaksud:
Kata nama bermaksud : a spirit or being believed to control some part of the universe or life and often worshipped for doing so, or a representation of this spirit or being.
: Someone who is very important to you, who you admire very much, and who strongly influences you
: The gods UK informal the seats in a theatre which are at the highest level and the furthest distance from the stage. atau the gallery in a theatre.
: a superhuman being or spirit worshipped as having power over nature and human fortunes.

Contoh ungkapan (ayat) God the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost (in Christian doctrine) the persons of the Trinity.

Selain itu, ada beberapa kata nama yang berkait rapat dengan perkataan god seperti:
1) House of God yang bermaksud a church .
2) Man of God yang bermaksud a priest.
3) Sun-god yang bermaksud a god who represented the sun in some ancient religions
4) Tin god yang bermaksud someone who behaves as if they are more important or powerful than they really are
5) Lamb of God yang bermaksud in the Christian religion, a name for Christ atau a title of Jesus Christ.

Sekali imbas, seolah-olah tiada beza antara keduanya,God (dengan G berhuruf besar) dan god (dengan g berhuruf kecil). Hakikatnya di sana terdapat terlalu banyak perbezaan.

1. God dan god

The god of this age has blinded the minds of unbelievers, so that they cannot see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God. (2 Corinthians fasal 4 ayat 4)

Kata nama khas sepatutnya ditulis dengan huruf besar seperti Malaysia ataupun Michael. Dan tidak memerlukan tambahan ‘the’ di hadapan. Ini bermaksud god dalam Bible ada yang bermaksud tuhan umum (dengan g berhuruf kecil) dan Tuhan khusus (dengan G berhuruf besar).

Tetapi untuk perkataan Allah, tiada dalam tatabahasa Bahasa Arab perkataan Allah member maksud nakirah (umum) kerana perkataan Allah sendiri member maksud ma’rifah (khusus).

Sekiranya benar perkataan god ingin diterjemahkan sebagai Allah, bagaimana kita ingin menterjemahkan perkataan the god di atas.

Sekiranya mengatakan ia adalah kesilapan tulisan (typing error), apakah agama tersebut untuk diikuti kerana terlalu banyak kekeliruan dan kesilapan tulisan?

2. God dan gods

God presides in the great assembly; he gives judgment among the "gods":(Psalm fasal 82 ayat 1)
"I said, 'You are "gods"; you are all sons of the Most High.' (Psalm fasal 82 ayat

6)
Dalam bahasa Inggeris gods akan diterjemahkan sebagai tuhan-tuhan dan ia bermaksud umum manakala God pula akan diterjemahkan sebagai Tuhan yang bermaksud khusus.

Jadi persoalannya di sini, siapakah God dan siapakah gods?

Dalam tatabahasa Bahasa Inggeris, kata ganti nama haruslah mengikut kata nama yang asal. Sekiranya perkataan ‘he’ itu kembali kepada ‘God’ maka sewajarnyalah menggunakan ‘He’ dan bukan ‘he’. Sekiranya ‘he’ itu kembali kepada ‘gods’, maka semakin jelaslah kesalahan dalam Bible dari sudut tatabahasa.

Sekiranya ingin menggantikan god dengan Allah, apakah Allah menerima plural (kata jamak)? Ini kerana menurut tatabahasa Bahasa Arab, Allah hanya menerima singular (kata mufrad).

3. God dan Goddess

“He followed Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians, and Molech the detestable god of the Ammonites.” (1 Kings fasal 11 ayat 5)

“I will do this because they have forsaken me and worshiped Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians… (1 Kings fasal 11 ayat 33)

There is danger not only that our trade will lose its good name, but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis will be discredited, and the goddess herself, who is worshiped throughout the province of Asia and the world, will be robbed of her divine majesty."
(Act fasal 19 ayat 27)

You have brought these men here, though they have neither robbed temples nor blasphemed our goddess. (Act fasal 19 ayat 37)

Dalam bahasa Inggeris ‘goddess’ bermaksud:
1. a female deity.
2. a woman who is adored, especially for her beauty.
3. a female god

Bagaimanakah kita ingin menterjemah perkataan Tuhan Perempuan bagi perkataan Allah. Sekiranya untuk God (seperti yang biasa digunakan), diambil dari perkataan Allah kerana mengakui Dialah Tuhan yang sebenar dan banyak digunapakai oleh orang arab sendiri (sekiranya itu alasannya), maka bagaimana kita nak menamakan untuk goddess iaitu Tuhan perempuan? Apakah akan menggunakan perkataan allahah (اَللهَةْ). Pastinya akan tertonjol kelemahan mereka kerana dalam bahasa Arab tiada perkataan tersebut.
Sekiranya ingin menamakan female God lalu persoalannya ialah apakah ayat-ayat di atas berkenaan Tuhan wanita, pastinya bukan sama sekali.

Sekiranya ingin menamakan goddess sebagai angel ia sudah lari daripada maksud dalam Bahasa Inggeris yang asal.Lalu bagaimana?

Tidak cukup dengan itu, bagaimanakah anda ingin menterjemahkan ayat di bawah?
The king also desecrated the high places that were east of Jerusalem on the south of the Hill of Corruption—the ones Solomon king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the vile goddess of the Sidonians... (2 Kings fasal 23 ayat 13)
Allah wanita yang keji atau Allah wanita yang hina? Naa’uzhu billahi min dzaalik.

3.2 KRISIS PEMAHAMAN TERHADAP MAKSUD GOD= ALLAH]

1) Konflik tentang siapa dan berapakah anak Tuhan @ Tuhan yang sebenar
1.1 As soon as Jesus was baptized, he went up out of the water. At that moment heaven was opened, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and lighting on him. And a voice from heaven said, "This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased."
(Matthew fasal 3 ayat 16 dan 17)

VS

Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called sons of God. (Matthew fasal 5 ayat 9)

1.2 Philip said, "Lord, show us the Father and that will be enough for us." Jesus answered: "Don't you know me, Philip, even after I have been among you such a long time? Anyone who has seen me has seen the Father. How can you say, 'Show us the Father’? Don't you believe that I am in the Father, and that the Father is in me? The words I say to you are not just my own. Rather, it is the Father, living in me, who is doing his work. Believe me when I say that I am in the Father and the Father is in me; …… (John: fasal 14 ayat 8-11)

Vs

that all of them may be one, Father, just as you are in me and I am in you. May they also be in us so that the world may believe that you have sent me. 22I have given them the glory that you gave me, that they may be one as we are one: 23I in them and you in me. May they be brought to complete unity to let the world know that you sent me and have loved them even as you have loved me. (John fasal 17 ayat 21-23)

2) Siapakah Tuhan yang sebenar, Yang Esa atau anak Tuhan?

Now this is eternal life: that they may know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom you have sent. (John fasal 17 ayat 3)

“When he looks at me, he sees the one who sent me.” (John fasal 12 ayat 45)
“that all of them may be one, Father, just as you are in me and I am in you. May they also be in us so that the world may believe that you have sent me.”
(John fasal 17 ayat 21)

You were shown these things so that you might know that the LORD is God; besides him there is no other. (Deuteronomy fasal 4 ayat 35)

"The most important one” answered Jesus, "is this: 'Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one. (Mark fasal 12 ayat 29)

Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one. (Deuteronomy fasal 6 ayat 4)

Vs

Anyone who has seen me has seen the Father. How can you say, 'Show us the Father’? Don't you believe that I am in the Father, and that the Father is in me? The words I say to you are not just my own. Rather, it is the Father, living in me, who is doing his work. Believe me when I say that I am in the Father and the Father is in me; …… (John: fasal 14 ayat 8-11)

3) Apakah Jesus itu Tuhan dan Tuhan itu Jesus? Apakah mereka bersatu?

“I and the Father are one." (John fasal 10 ayat 30)

Vs

About the ninth hour Jesus cried out in a loud voice, "Eloi, Eloi,[c] lama sabachthani?"—which means, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?"
(Matthew fasal 27 ayat 46)

Now this is eternal life: that they may know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom you have sent. (John fasal 17 ayat 3)

Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away. No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.

(Mark fasal 13 ayat 31,32)
“Give us today our daily bread.Forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors.” (Matthew fasal 6 ayat 11, 12)

4) Jesus anak Tuhan?

As soon as Jesus was baptized, he went up out of the water. At that moment heaven was opened, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and lighting on him. And a voice from heaven said, "This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased."
(Matthew fasal 3 ayat 16 dan 17)

Vs

and Jacob the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ. (Matthew fasal 1 ayat 16)

Then say to Pharaoh, 'This is what the LORD says: Israel is my firstborn son, 23 and I told you, "Let my son go, so he may worship me." But you refused to let him go; so I will kill your firstborn son.' " (Exodus fasal 4 ayat 22, 23)

..because I am Israel's father, and Ephraim is my firstborn son. (Jeremiah fasal 31 ayat 9)

5) Adakah Roh Kudus (Holy Spirit) itu ialah Roh Tuhan?

This is how the birth of Jesus Christ came about: His mother Mary was pledged to be married to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be with child through the Holy Spirit. (Matthew fasal 1 ayat 18)

But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, "Joseph son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. (Matthew fasal 1 ayat 20)

Vs

This proposal pleased the whole group. They chose Stephen, a man full of faith and of the Holy Spirit; also Philip, Procorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicolas from Antioch, a convert to Judaism. (Acts fasal 6 ayat 5)

We are witnesses of these things, and so is the Holy Spirit, whom God has given to those who obey him." (Acts fasal 5 ayat 32)

When Elizabeth heard Mary's greeting, the baby leaped in her womb, and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit. (Luke fasal 1 ayat 41)

6) Isa adalah anak Tuhan kerana terdapat mukjizat kenabian padanya

6.1 Sekiranya dikatakan yang Jesus anak Tuhan kerana dapat menghidupkan orang yang sudah mati, maka Nabi Ilyas berkali ganda hebat kerana tulangnya sahaja apabila bersentuhan dapan menghidupkan orang mati.

Once while some Israelites were burying a man, suddenly they saw a band of raiders; so they threw the man's body into Elisha's tomb. When the body touched Elisha's bones, the man came to life and stood up on his feet. (2 King fasal 13 ayat 21)

Nabi Ilyas hanya perlu berdoa untuk menghidupkan orang yang sudah mati.

The LORD heard Elijah's cry, and the boy's life returned to him, and he lived.
(1 King fasal 17 ayat 22)

6.2 Bukan sahaja Jesus mampu mengubati orang sakit, bahkan Nabi Allah Ilyas.

“And Elisha prayed, "O LORD, open his eyes so he may see." Then the LORD opened the servant's eyes, and he looked and saw the hills full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha. (2 King fasal 6 ayat 17)

6.3 Bahkan Nabi Ilyas juga mampu mengubati orang berpenyakit kusta.

Elisha sent a messenger to say to him, "Go, wash yourself seven times in the Jordan, and your flesh will be restored and you will be cleansed."

But Naaman went away angry and said, "I thought that he would surely come out to me and stand and call on the name of the LORD his God, wave his hand over the spot and cure me of my leprosy. (2 Kings fasal 5 ayat 10,11)

7) Kepelikan Jesus adalah Tuhan

7.1 Mengikuti arahan iblis

“The devil led him up to a high place and showed him in an instant all the kingdoms of the world.” (Luke fasal 4 ayat 5)

8) Jesus adalah anak Tuhan kerana lahir tanpa bapa?

Jesteru, bagaimana pula sekiranya ada orang yang lahir tanpa bapa dan ibu, pasti mereka lebih layak menduduki kerusi ketuhanan.

“This Melchizedek was king of Salem and priest of God Most High. He met Abraham returning from the defeat of the kings and blessed him, 2and Abraham gave him a tenth of everything. First, his name means "king of righteousness"; then also, "king of Salem" means "king of peace." 3Without father or mother, without genealogy, without beginning of days or end of life, like the Son of God he remains a priest forever.” (Hebrew fasal 7 ayat 1,2,3)

9) Hakikat Ketuhanan dalam agama Kristian beriman kepada Tuhan yang Esa

Now this is eternal life: that they may know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom you have sent. (John fasal 17 ayat 3)

You were shown these things so that you might know that the LORD is God; besides him there is no other. (Deuteronomy fasal 4 ayat 35)

"The most important one” answered Jesus, "is this: 'Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one. (Mark fasal 12 ayat 29)

Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one. (Deuteronomy fasal 6 ayat 4)
“Acknowledge and take to heart this day that the LORD is God in heaven above and on the earth below. There is no other” (Deuteronomy fasal 4 ayat 39)

Dan banyak lagi kekeliruan yang saya kirakan belum terjawab sekiranya kita menerima terjemahan bagi God ialah Allah. Apa yang disebutkan di atas hanyalah beberapa contoh kekeliruan asas dalam agama Kristian.

PENUTUP

Terlalu banyak konflik dan komplikasi yang berlaku sekiranya menterjemahkan maksud god dalam Bible sebagai Allah. Dari itu, saya menyeru kepada pihak yang terbabit, kembalikan kepada asal tujuan iaitu ingin menterjemahkan god ke dalam bahasa Melayu, maka gunakanlah maksud asalnya iaitu tuhan. Ini dari sudut pandang bahasa, bukan sudut pandang undang-undang. Sekiranya prinsip ini dipegang, maka tidak akan berlaku sebarang konflik di dalam Negara kita.

Saya juga khuatir kalau-kalau di sana ada agenda lain yang tersembunyi yang tiada orang lain yang tahu selain mereka dan Allah sahaja.Barangkali kenyataan Webley Disim, yang juga Yang Dipertua Dewan Usahawan Bumiputera Sabah dan Presiden Majlis Jaksa Pendamai Malaysia, Datuk Clarence Bongkos Malakun yang menyatakan tujuan isu ini dibangkitkan ialah untuk mengajak orang Islam masuk Kristianbitu ada betulnya.Wallahu'allam..

Disediakan oleh : Ustaz Mohamad Ridhauddin Bin Mohd Salleh

Posted by : Nadz